Sunday, September 27, 2020
Volcanoes

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Northern California’s Mount Shasta is among the largest and most active volcanoes in the Cascade Range.
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Study rewrites the recent history of productive Cascade Arc volcanoes

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A team of Penn State researchers studied Telica Volcano, a persistently active volcano in western Nicaragua, to both observe and quantify small-scale intra-crater change associated with background and eruptive activity. IMAGE: Google Earth
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Photos may improve understanding of volcanic processes

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Three water-filled maars, created by volcanic eruptions, in Germany’s Eifel region. Credit: Martin Schildgen/Wikimedia Commons
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New evidence of long-term volcanic, seismic risks in northern Europe

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An Underwater Volcanic Eruption. Credit: NSF and NOAA
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How volcanoes explode in the deep sea

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Alaska’s Umnak Island in the Aleutians showing the huge, 10-km wide caldera (upper right) largely created by the 43 BCE Okmok II eruption at the dawn of the Roman Empire. Landsat-8 Operational Land Imager image from May 3, 2014
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Eruption of Alaska’s Okmok volcano linked to period of extreme cold...

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Study proves that magma chambers are huge masses of crystals with...

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Three water-filled maars in the Eifel, Germany (Gemündener Maar, Weinfelder Maar, Schalkenmehrener Maar). Created by volcanic activity, maars are also found in other parts of Europe and on other continents, but Eifel-Maars are the classic example worldwide.
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New hints of volcanism under the heart of northern Europe

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Yellowstone National Park is an American national park located in Wyoming, Montana, and Idaho.
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Discovery of ancient super-eruptions indicates the Yellowstone hotspot may be waning

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El Niño events and high-latitude Eurasian warming are usually observed after large tropical eruptions. However, simulations of climate impacts by volcanos show large biases when compared with observations, calling for substantial improvements in climate models. The graph depicts the change in zonally averaged surface temperature in observations (the shaded part) and simulations (the line) after large tropical volcanic eruptions. The equation denotes the chemical reaction in the stratosphere. Credit: Advances in Atmospheric Sciences
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Philippine volcanic eruption could prompt El Nino warming next winter

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Credit: Pohang University of Science & Technology (POSTECH)
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Volcanic eruptions reduce global rainfall

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Picture of the Santa Maria volcano in Guatemala. Credit: Zorn et al. 2020, Nature
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How drones can monitor explosive volcanoes

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The only remnants of Pūhāhonu that are above sea level (Gardner Pinnacles). Credit: NOAA
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Researchers reveal largest and hottest shield volcano on Earth

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Why a big volcanic blow-up at the popular travel destimation Santorini 3200 years ago, but just a few hundred kilometers away, no drama at the volcanoes on Aegina , Methana and Poros islands? Thin sections of the lavas from these four volcanoes yield some of the reasons why. Some minerals only form at greater depths - and the hornblende in the lava from Aegina island indicates that the magma chambers there are deeper than the those underneath the Santorini caldera. But plate tectonics add another, hidden reason also, found research from the University of Johannesburg. Credit: Prof Marlina A. Elburg, University of Johannesburg
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A tale of two kinds of volcanoes

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Applied Geochemistry (2020). DOI: 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2020.104572
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Scientists reveal mineralogical and geochemical characteristics of hydrocarbon-bleached rocks in mud...

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Photomicrograph in crossed polars of precious-metal bearing peridotite. Note the optical zoning (light/dark bands) in the plagioclase (grey coloured mineral) in the central part of the image. The occurrence of this zoning was the focus of the study in question. The width of the image frame is 4 mm. Credit: Nat. Geosci. (2020).
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Scientists find evidence of how platinum metals form under 60 million-year-old...

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Lava streaming from an active vent during the 2018 eruption of Kīlauea Volcano
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Excessive rain triggered 2018 Kīlauea volcano eruption, study finds

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This model shows how iron- and magnesium-rich magma (green) is formed at great depth and can move along the outer edges of the large Altiplano-Puna magma body (APMB)(red) to gradually force its way up to the surface during a volcanic eruption. Eruptions with such lava are uncommon and provide a unique insight into the processes that take place deep inside the Earth under the Andes. Credit: Osvaldo Gonzalez Maurel
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New study takes the pulse of a sleeping supervolcano

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Geysers in Yellowstone National Park attest to the presence of a supervolcano, which is currently dormant. An eruption of this explosive volcano would impact the entire planet. Credit: © P.H. Barry
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A new tool to predict volcanic eruptions

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Volcanic gas emissions in Northern Iceland
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New geochemical tool reveals origin of Earth’s nitrogen

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Volcanic eruption
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Volcanic carbon dioxide emissions helped trigger Triassic climate change

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