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Electron microscopy image of microbial cells which respire sulfate.

Life thrived on Earth 3.5 billion years ago

subducted oceanic crust inferred from this study.

Fate of the subducted oceanic crust revealed by laboratory experiments

Gobiraptor reconstruction.

New oviraptorosaur species discovered in Mongolia

Eofringillirostrum boudreauxi

Earliest known seed-eating perching bird discovered in Fossil Lake, Wyoming

Scientists use the deep-diving robot Jason to collect water samples from oceanic crust at a subseafloor observatory off the coast of Washington. A recent study found that a group of unusual microbes living below the seafloor provides clues to the evolution of life on Earth, and potentially other planets. Credit: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, courtesy of University of California, Santa Cruz, US National Science Foundation, ROV Jason dive J2-711, 2013, AT26-03 cruise chief scientist Andrew Fisher

Unusual microbes hold clues to early life

pillow basalts from undersea volcanic eruptions,

Researchers help define Southern Ocean’s geological features

T. rex had an unusually flexible skull. Credit: Senckenberg

T. rex possessed a unique flexible skull

The isolated Archaeopteryx feather is the first fossil feather ever discovered. Top image, the feather as it looks today under white light. Middle image, the original drawing from 1862 by Hermann von Meyer. Bottom image, Laser-Stimulated Fluorescence (LSF) showing the halo of the missing quill. Scale bar is 1cm. Credit: Copyright The University of Hong Kong

First discovered fossil feather did not belong to iconic bird Archaeopteryx

Stunningly well-preserved fossilized soft tissues of a stylophoran have recently been discovered

These strange fossils are closely related to sea urchins

On the area map on the left, the colored background is the ground displacement induced by the Palu earthquake and the thin black line is the fault, both derived from satellite radar images. The black dot is the city of Palu. The circles are spots that radiated waves during the earthquake; their color indicates time (blue at the beginning, red at the end). The right figure shows the timing and position of these earthquake radiators. Their alignment indicates a steady earthquake speed of about 4.1 km/s Credit: © Han Bao et al., Nature Geoscience

Earthquake with magnitude 7.5 in Indonesia—an unusual and steady speed

The drumlins were formed by fast-moving ice floes instead of slow melting ice. Credit: WVU

Researchers unearth an ice age in the African desert

Floating seismometers dubbed MERMAIDs -- Mobile Earthquake Recording in Marine Areas by Independent Divers -- reveal that Galapagos volcanoes are fed by a mantle plume reaching 1,900 km deep. By letting their nine MERMAIDs float freely for two years, an international team of researchers created an artificial network of oceanic seismometers that could fill in one of the blank areas on the global geologic map, where otherwise no seismic information is available. Drifting a mile below the surface, MERMAIDs cover a large area. The red circles show where a MERMAID picked up a seismic signal. Credit: Courtesy of the researchers

MERMAIDs reveal secrets from below the ocean floor

Coprolites, or fossil droppings, of the dinosaur-like archosaur Smok wawelski contain lots of chewed-up bone fragments. This led researchers at Uppsala University to conclude that this top predator was exploiting bones for salt and marrow, a behavior often linked to mammals but seldom to archosaurs. Credit: Martin Qvarnström

The 210-million-year-old Smok was crushing bones like a hyena

A model for the compositional evolution of the early Earth's crust due to fractional crystallization of impact melt sheets followed by detachment and sinking of their dense primitive portions towards the crust-mantle boundary. Credit: Rais Latypov

Ancient asteroid impacts played a role in creation of Earth’s future...

This is a view of Coalcliff in New South Wales, Australia, where researchers discovered evidence that Earth's largest extinction may have extinguished plant life nearly 400,000 years before marine animal species disappeared. Credit: Christopher Fielding

Earth’s largest extinction event likely took plants first

Grand Canyon

How predatory plankton created modern ecosystems after ‘Snowball Earth’

The central Andes Mountains and surrounding landscape, as seen in this true-color image from NASA’s Terra spacecraft, formed over the past 170 million years as the Nazca Plate lying under the Pacific Ocean has forced its way under the South American Plate. Credit: NASA

Earth’s continental nurseries discovered beneath mountains

A slab containing fossils of Antarctanax. Credit: Copyright Brandon Peecook, Field Museum

Iguana-sized dinosaur cousin discovered in Antarctica

These are well preserved footprints of the find site in Morocco, with clearly visible claw impressions. Credit: The Society of Vertebrate Paleontology

Long-necked dinosaurs rotated their forefeet to the side

Carbon dioxide emissions can be securely stored in underground rocks, with minimal possibility of the gas escaping from fault lines back into the atmosphere, research by the University of Edinburgh has shown. Credit: Johannes Miocic

Fault lines are no barrier to safe storage of CO2 below...

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