El Niño events and high-latitude Eurasian warming are usually observed after large tropical eruptions. However, simulations of climate impacts by volcanos show large biases when compared with observations, calling for substantial improvements in climate models. The graph depicts the change in zonally averaged surface temperature in observations (the shaded part) and simulations (the line) after large tropical volcanic eruptions. The equation denotes the chemical reaction in the stratosphere. Credit: Advances in Atmospheric Sciences

Philippine volcanic eruption could prompt El Nino warming next winter

The deep origin of craters and mounds was discovered using cutting edge 3D seismic technology which can penetrate deep into the ocean floor, and help scientists visualize the structures in the hard bedrock underneath. Illustration: M. Waage

New study reveals cracks beneath giant, methane gushing craters

UT Austin scientists found that the fossil millipede Kampecaris obanensis was 425 million years old. Credit: British Geological Survey

World’s oldest bug is fossil millipede from Scotland

This artist’s impression shows a view of the surface of the planet Proxima b orbiting the red dwarf star Proxima Centauri, the closest star to the Solar System. The double star Alpha Centauri AB also appears in the image to the upper-right of Proxima itself. Proxima b is a little more massive than the Earth and orbits in the habitable zone around Proxima Centauri, where the temperature is suitable for liquid water to exist on its surface. (Illustration by ESO/M. Kornmesser)

Study finds a (much) earlier birth date for tectonic plates

URI graduate student Reilly Hayes (left) and undergraduate Amanda Bednarick examine an outcrop for fossils at Petrified Forest National Park as part of their research. Credit: Amanda Bednarick

Asteroid, climate change not responsible for mass extinction 215 million years...

Credit: Pohang University of Science & Technology (POSTECH)

Volcanic eruptions reduce global rainfall

The attached image shows Wightia declivirostris flying over an oxbow lake in the valley of the ancient Wessex River that flowed from Devon to the Isle of Wight. Credit: Megan Jacobs

Chinese pterodactyl wings its way to the United Kingdom

A schematic diagram of the Earth's deep oxygen factory shows the oxygenation and deoxygenation processes of hydrous mantle materials in the lower mantle across the ~1000 km depth beneath Earth's surface. Under the conditions of Earth's middle mantle, scientists discovered an oxygen-excess phase, (Mg,Fe)2O3+δ (0 < δ < 1) that can be formed with under-saturated water at >1000 kilometers depths. Those oxygen-excess materials may have long-termly oxidized the shallow mantle and the crust, which is essential to allow free oxygen to build up in Earth's atmosphere. Credit: Science China Press

Oxygen-excess oxides in Earth’s mid-mantle facilitate the ascent of deep oxygen

Normal and malformed spores from East Greenland. Credit: John Marshall

Erosion of ozone layer responsible for mass extinction event

Subduction zones occur where one tectonic plate dives under another. New computer modeling by Magali Billen, professor of earth and planetary sciences at UC Davis, shows why earthquakes on these sinking plates cluster at certain depths and could give insight into processes deep in the Earth. (U.S. Geological Survey)

New clues to deep earthquake mystery

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