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Sedimentary rock cores from South Africa

Rock record illuminates oxygen history

Representative image: Hand holding a rock

The Differences Between Sedimentary, Igneous, and Metamorphic Rocks: A Comprehensive Guide

An outcrop called ‘the Bubble’ on Eileach an Naoimh (Holy Isle). It shows a huge white rock fragment, tens of metres across, which was originally part of the underlying rock sequence. The layering in the carbonate rock has been squeezed tightly under immense pressure and transported by thick ice sheets to its final resting as one of many different rock fragments within a moraine. Credit: Graham Shields

Scottish and Irish rocks confirmed as rare record of ‘snowball Earth’

Three types of granitoid rocks—tonalite, trondhjemite and granodiorite (TTG).

Researchers uncover source rocks of the first real continents

The pink pumice, and its thermal history, provides an insight into underwater eruptions.

Pink pumice key to revealing explosive power of underwater volcanic eruptions

The Alum Shale, here an example of a coastal deposit, consists of quartz and potassium Feldspar clasts as well as conspicuous Pyrite crystals (here: white) embedded in a clayey matrix. Scanning electron micrograph (scale: lower image edge length corresponds to approx. 40 μm). Credit: Schulz, GFZ

A rock with many perspectives

This study site was used by researchers to examine a portion of the Oman–United Arab Emirates ophiolite’s metamorphic sole. Credit: Tyler Ambrose

A closer look at the creation of a metamorphic sole

The team's experiments compared carbon's compatibility with the silicates that comprise the Earth's mantle (outer circle) to its compatibility with the iron that comprises the planet's core (inner circle) while under conditions mimicking the Earth's interior during its formative period. They found that more carbon would have stayed in the mantle than previously thought. Credit: Rebecca Fischer, Elizabeth Cottrell and Marion Le Voyer, Kanani Lee, and the late Erik Hauri.

Most of Earth’s carbon was hidden in the core during its...

Photomicrographs showing anorthosites with 'correct' and 'wrong' proportions of chromite from the Bushveld Complex, South Africa. Credit: Wits University

Researchers unravel the mystery of non-cotectic magmatic rocks

Glacial polish reflects sunlight at Pothole Dome in Yosemite National Park, California.

Study reveals structure and origins of glacial polish on Yosemite’s rocks

Researcher unearths hottest rock on record

For under-Earth exploration, engineers deepen understanding of rock stress

Hundred-year-old law on fluid flow overturned by new research

Origins of Cu-Pb-Zn-bearing and W-bearing granites

How X-rays helped to solve mystery of floating rocks

Weathering of rocks a poor regulator of global temperatures

Types of Rocks

Earth Sciences student research on metamorphic rock in North China

Between a rock and a hard place: Biologists unearth sandstone-excavating bees

Scientists study how to print rocks in 3-D

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