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Earth's mantle (dark red) lies below the crust (brown layer near the surface) and above the outer core (bright red).

The solid Earth breathes

Explosive volcanic crater (maar) with small lake at the bottom close to Dilo

New light into the recent evolution of the African rift valley

Over the last 540 million years, as the Earth's tectonic plates have shifted, MIT researchers have found that periods of major tectonic activity (orange lines) in the tropics (green belt) were likely triggers for ice ages during those same periods.

Tectonics in the tropics trigger Earth’s ice ages

Tibetan Plateau

Tibetan plateau rose later than we thought

subducted oceanic crust inferred from this study.

Fate of the subducted oceanic crust revealed by laboratory experiments

The central Andes Mountains and surrounding landscape, as seen in this true-color image from NASA’s Terra spacecraft, formed over the past 170 million years as the Nazca Plate lying under the Pacific Ocean has forced its way under the South American Plate. Credit: NASA

Earth’s continental nurseries discovered beneath mountains

University of Houston researchers John Suppe, left, Jonny Wu and Yi-Wei Chen have reconstructed the ancient plates under the Andes Mountains. Credit: University of Houston

Scientists reconstruct ancient lost plates under Andes mountains

Planktonic foraminifera, such as these collected in the Gulf of Mexico, form the base of many marine and aquatic food chains.

Climate, life and the movement of continents: New connections

Plate Tectonics

Enhanced views of Earth tectonics

Earth's mantle (dark red) lies below the crust (brown layer near the surface) and above the outer core (bright red).

A wrench in Earth’s engine: Stagnant slabs

Plate Tectonics

Plate Tectonics May Have Been Active on Earth Since the Very...

This graphic shows how the ancient land masses of Laurentia, Avalonia and Armorica would have collided to create the countries of England, Scotland and Wales.

Geologists reveal ancient connection between England and France

Paleogeographic scenario for the Jiachala Formation. a) Jiachala Formation, b)&c) other trench deposits to the west.

Upper Cretaceous trench deposits of the Neo-Tethyan subduction zone

Southern Japan on Feb. 3rd, 2011, showing the active cones of Kirishima (Shinmoedake) and Aira caldera (Sakurajima) volcanoes.

Study finds deep subterranean connection between two Japan volcanoes

Earth

Scientists propose solution to ‘Gaia puzzle’

Nuvvuagittuq, Canada

Earth could have supported continental crust, life earlier than thought

Earth's crust, mantle and outer core interactions.

New insight into Earth’s crust, mantle and outer core interactions

A 3D computer model of the asthenosphere by Rice University geophysicists finds that the convective cycling and pressure-driven flow can sometimes cause the asthenosphere to move even faster than the tectonic plates riding atop it.

Flow in the asthenosphere drags tectonic plates along

Cifelliodon wahkarmoosuch

Utah fossil reveals global exodus of mammals’ near relatives to major...

The Galicia group -- from left, Rice graduate student Nur Schuba, alumnus Ara Alexanian and graduate research assistant Mari Tesi Sanjurjo -- discuss the northwest portion of the 3-D seismic volume at Rice's Visualization Lab.

Sub-sea rift spills secrets to seismic probe

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