Seismogram

A swarm of 85,000 earthquakes at the Antarctic Orca submarine volcano

One of the strombolian explosions that have occurred at Stromboli about every 10 minutes for at least 2000 years. © UNIGE, Luca Caricchi

The oxidation of volcanoes—a magma opus

An imagined scene from the end of the Cretaceous Period, more than 66 million years ago, has the newly identified softshell turtle Hutchemys walkerorum dwelling alongside iconic species from the Age of the Dinosaurs. (Image: Sergey Krasovskiy)

Newly identified softshell turtle lived alongside T. rex and Triceratops

Zircon Crystals of the mineral zircon are tiny time-capsules that record the age of many events in Earth’s history. Dating zircon crystals like this was one of the two methods used to calculate the age of the Hiawatha impact crater. Illustration: Gavin Kenny, Swedish Museum of Natural History.

Giant impact crater in Greenland occurred a few million years after...

The unstable southern flank of the Merapi volcano during a partial collapse in 2019. Photograph: GFZ Potsdam

Hidden weaknesses within volcanoes may cause volcano collapse

California’s San Andreas Fault. The “creeping” central section, subject of a new study, is in yellow. Rock samples from almost 2 miles down were taken at the San Andreas Fault Observatory at Depth, or SAFOD, marked by the red star. (Adapted from Coffey et al., Geology, 2022)

A slow-motion section of the San Andreas fault may not be...

grains of sand

New technique unlocks ancient history of Earth from grains of sand

Kimberlites are complex rocks that came to the Earth's surface from great depths. The picture shows a thin section of a carbonate-​rich kimberlite. (Photograph: David Swart / Messengers of the Mantle Exhibition)

Traces of life in the Earth’s deep mantle

Earthquake fracture energy relates to how a quake stops

Earth

X-ray view of subducting tectonic plates

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