Boudinage in brecciated dolostone rocks of the Panamint Range (Wildrose Area, Death Valley National Park). New research shows that periclase is stronger than bridgmanite in earth's lower mantle, analogous to boudins developing in rigid ("stronger") rocks among less competent ("weaker") rocks. Credit: Jennifer M. Jackson, Caltech

New results reveal surprising behavior of minerals deep in the Earth

A. The lithospheric breakup-collision coupling system, in which collisional thickening of the continental crust is coupled with lithospheric breakup due to asthenospheric upwelling for active rifting. B. The seafloor spreading-lithospheric subduction coupling system, in which the oceanic slab is subducted to depths of >80–100 km for the gravitational pull, providing far-field stresses for passive rifting. Credit: Science China Press

Plate tectonics in the twenty-first century

Superdeep diamonds that originate hundreds of kilometers beneath Earth’s surface are like time capsules revealing how they were formed, thanks to unique combinations of minerals trapped inside the diamonds. Credit: University of Alberta

‘Superdeep’ diamond deepens our understanding of plate tectonics

The Northwestern research team of seismologists and statisticians has developed an earthquake probability model that is more comprehensive and realistic than what is currently available.

A more realistic earthquake probability model using long-term fault memory

Microplastics of 2mm. Credit: NIOZ

Sunlight pulps the plastic soup

Lava fountains at Kilauea in Hawaii created a spatter cone, which was estimated to be 180 feet tall in this June 2018 photo. Credit: U.S. Geological Survey

Hawai’i earthquake swarm caused by magma moving through ‘sills’

New study reveals, how foreshock waves interact with Earth’s magnetosphere. Foreshock waves are able to tune the shock, making it alternatively stronger or weaker. These waves could only be detected in a narrow region behind the shock. (Image: Lucile Turc)

New study models the transmission of foreshock waves towards Earth

The schematic of the proposed method. Locations of interest are shown with maximum inundation extent on the training set. S-net station segments are marked with colored lines. Credit: Nature Communications (2022). DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33253-5

Deep learning can predict tsunami impacts in less than a second

Summer precipitation and black carbon emission characteristics. a The spatial pattern of summer precipitation using the Climatic Research Unit (CRU) dataset overlain with summer 500 hPa wind fields for the period 2001–2016, using the ERA-Interim dataset over the Tibetan plateau (TP) and South Asia (denoted by red polygon). NTP and STP delineate the northern and southern Tibetan plateau boundaries.

South Asian black carbon causes glacier loss on Tibetan Plateau

Mauna Loa. Photo credit: Lis Gallant

Mauna Loa eruption: Predicting lava flow

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