The large, woody fruits of the Manicaria saccifera palm that depend on large animals for their dispersal. (Picture: John Dransfield, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew)
Paleontology

Dinosaur extinction changed plant evolution

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Creative destruction: a thinner ocean plate sides under a continental plate, melting and recycling the ocean crust into the Earth’s interior and birthing volcanoes in this illustration of subduction, a consequence of modern plate tectonics. A new study reports evidence of a transition in multiple locations around the world, 3.8-3.6 billion years ago, from stable “protocrust” to pressures and processes that look a lot like modern subduction, suggesting a time when plates first got moving. Credit: Nikolas Midttun, CC-BY
plate tectonics

Earliest geochemical evidence of plate tectonics found in 3.8-billion-year-old crystal

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Map shows location of the Shumagin Gap, location of the 2020 Simeonof and 2021 Chignik earthquakes. Map courtesy Alaska Earthquake Center.
Earthquake

Major 2020 Alaska quake triggered neighboring 2021 temblor

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Using satellite imagery (shown above) to study the effects of a 2019 landslide on the Amalia Glacier in Patagonia, a University of Minnesota-led research team found the landslide helped stabilize the glacier and caused it to grow by about 1,000 meters over the last three years. Photo credit: Max Van Wyk de Vries
Landslide

Landslides can have a major impact on glacier melt and movement

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Basalt mit frischen Klinopyroxenen (credit Jonas Tusch)
Earth

Sampling the deep graveyard of Earth’s earliest crust

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Vertebrate bones exposed during fieldwork in the Zhebao region of Guangxi ProvinceThe arrows indicate ribs, exposed in cross-section
Fossils

Large Mesozoic Marine Reptile Described

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Painting of the Mid-Ocean Ridge with rift axis by Heinrich Berann based on the scientific profiles of Marie Tharp and Bruce Heezen (1977).
plate tectonics

Seafloor spreading has been slowing down

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Lake El´gygytgyn. Credit: UMass Amherst
climate

Million-year-old Arctic sedimentary record sheds light on climate mystery

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Seismogram
Earthquake

A swarm of 85,000 earthquakes at the Antarctic Orca submarine volcano

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One of the strombolian explosions that have occurred at Stromboli about every 10 minutes for at least 2000 years. © UNIGE, Luca Caricchi
Volcanoes

The oxidation of volcanoes—a magma opus

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