Over approximately 2.5 million years, North America likely hosted 2.5 billion Tyrannosaurus rexes, a minuscule proportion of which have been dug up and studied by paleontologists, according to a UC Berkeley study. (Image by Julius Csotonyi, courtesy of Science magazine)

How many T. rexes were there? Billions

The world's smallest stegosaur footprint (less than 6 cm long), Xingjiang, China. Photo credit - Lida Xing.

Tiny cat-sized stegosaur leaves its mark

Seismogram

Study reveals the workings of nature’s own earthquake blocker

Viti Crater (formed in the 1724 event), where the Iceland Deep Drilling Project accidentally drilled into magma in 2009. They were drilling there originally to explore the potential for geothermal energy. Credit: Shane Rooyakkers.

Hidden magma pools pose eruption risks that we can’t yet detect

The Xiamaling Formation in China, which contains fossilised algae from primeval times. Credit: © Don E. Canfield

A new look at evolution in the oceans

DeMMO field team from left to right: Lily Momper, Brittany Kruger, and Caitlin Casar sampling fracture fluids from a DeMMO borehole installation. Credit: ©Matt Kapust

Earth’s crust mineralogy drives hotspots for intraterrestrial life

The Atlantis II fracture zone in the southwestern Indian Ocean with a zoom on the northern corner. The greater water depth in the transform valley is clearly visible. As the plates move, magmatism in the corners refills the deep transform valleys so that the adjacent fracture zones are shallower. Graphic: Christoph Kersten/GEOMAR according to Grevemeyer et al., 2021

A new view on plate tectonics

The research potentially has wide implications for the materials sector and industry. Credit: Monash University

Rare earth unlocks copper, gold and silver secrets

Volcano magma chamber. Credit: Cardiff University

When volcanoes go metal

Adzebills, also close relatives of cave-rails, were large, flightless birds with big beaks that could have been used to prey on small animals or strip vegetation. Illustration courtesy of Nobu Tamura, CC BY 3.0

Extinct Caribbean bird’s closest relatives hail from Africa, South Pacific

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