The eruption and volcanic material sedimentation processes of giant caldera eruptions are not well understood, making it also difficult to estimate their size. Kobe University researchers used seismic reflection surveys to visualize the sedimentary structure and analyzed collected sediment samples, enabling them to obtain important information on the distribution, volume, and transport mechanisms of the ejecta. © SHIMIZU Satoshi (CC BY)

Biggest Holocene volcano eruption found by seabed survey

Photo caption: Waves received in the wind tunnel of Ben Gurion University of the Negev with glass balls with a diameter of 90 microns. Two scales of waves can be seen in the image.

New theory explains sand ripples on Mars and on Earth

Aaron Bufe investigates the weathering of rocks. | © C. Trepmann

Rock weathering and climate: Low-relief mountain ranges are largest carbon sinks

Satellite image of gully landscapes on Mars, taken by HiRISE (High Resolution Imaging Experiment), a camera on board the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (photo no.: ESP_039114_1115). The white CO2 ice is visible on the sides of the gullies.

Surprising insights about debris flows on Mars

Grand Prismatic Spring in Yellowstone National Park, seen here from an aerial photo, provides a modern-day glimpse into the types of environments where sulfites may have accumulated and possibly played a role in kick-starting the earliest life on Earth.

Sulfur and the origin of life

Scientists analyzed mercury levels from core samples from the Mochras Farm (Llanbedr) borehole in Wales to estimate how much and how rapidly carbon was released during ancient volcano events in Earth's history Credit: Stephen Hesselbo. All Rights Reserved.

Mercury rising: Study sheds new light on ancient volcanoes’ environmental impact

Left: The flight feathers of Temminck's Lark. Right: The wing of a fossil bird, Confuciusornis. Photos by Yosef Kiat.

Which Dinosaurs Could Fly?

mollusc from the Cabrières Biota. Credit: Farid Saleh - UNIL

New fossil site of worldwide importance uncovered in southern France

Tridentinosaurus antiquus was discovered in the Italian alps in 1931 and was thought to be an important specimen for understanding early reptile evolution – but has now been found to be, in part a forgery. Its body outline, appearing dark against the surrounding rock, was initially interpreted as preserved soft tissues but is now known to be paint.

Mystery solved: The oldest fossil reptile from the alps is an...

Maps showing the evolution of the Gibraltar subduction zone from 30 million years ago to 50 million years into the future. From Duarte et al., 2024.

Early-stage subduction invasion

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