This is a Wyoming portion of The Phosphoria Formation, a deposit that stretches across several states in the western United States and is the largest source of phosphorus fertilizer in the country

Less life: Limited phosphorus recycling suppressed early Earth’s biosphere

shell of a fossil planktic foraminifera Globigerinoides ruber.

Decline in atmospheric carbon dioxide key to ancient climate transition

The Hells Bells in the El Zapote cave near Puerto Morelos on the Yucatán Peninsula.

Unique underwater stalactites

The mantle beneath Earth's mid-oceanic ridges contains heterogeneous blobs of material

Research reveals the scale at which Earth’s mantle composition varies

A Geological Map of England and Wales’, 1819, George Bellas Greenough (1778-1855)

Going underground: Cambridge digs into the history of geology with landmark...

Tephras -- rock fragments and particles ejected by a volcanic eruption.

Climate change could increase volcano eruptions

The movement of seismic waves through the material of the mantle allows scientists to image Earth's interior, just as a medical ultrasound allows technicians to look inside a blood vessel

Mysterious deep-Earth seismic signature explained

This image shows a visual representation of one of the highest-energy neutrino detections superimposed on a view of the IceCube Lab at the South Pole

How the Earth stops high-energy neutrinos in their tracks

The hydrothermal circulation changes the ocean crust and increases the Chlorine (CL) concentration of the rocks by incorporation of sea water

Water cooling for the Earth’s crust

This image from NASA's Mars Curiosity rover shows the Amargosa Valley, on the slopes leading up to Mount Sharp on Mars

Ice shapes the landslide landscape on Mars

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