Teeth from the Gadoufaoua deposit (Niger). The scale bar represents 2 cm. From left to right: teeth of a giant crocodile, Sarcosuchus imperator, a spinosaurid, a non-spinosaurid theropod (abelisaurid or carcharodontosaurid), a pterosaur, a hadrosaurid (a herbivorous dinosaur), a pycnodont (fish), and a small crocodylomorph.

The dinosaur menu, as revealed by calcium

Shonisaurus

Giant ichthyosaur is one of largest animals ever

Meteorites

Water appeared while Earth was still growing

Brewing up Earth’s earliest life

Geologist identifies hidden clues to ancient supercontinents, confirms Pannotia

The Nazca Plate is creeping under the South American Plate.

Water pressure a critical factor for mega-earthquakes

Victoria Falls, Africa.

Great magma erup­tions had two sources

Ichthyosaur

Prehistoric reptile pregnant with octuplets

The Pinnacles of Gunung Mulu in Borneo

New source of global nitrogen discovered

The 170 million-year-old tracks were made in a muddy lagoon off the north-east coast of what is now the Isle of Skye Credit: University of Edinburgh/PA Wire

World’s largest dinosaur found in Scotland

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